BIOTIC

BIOTIC Species Information for Bugula turbinata
All Taxonomy Biology Distribution Reproduction

Researched by	Dr Harvey Tyler-Walters	Data supplied by	MarLIN
Refereed by	Dr Peter J. Hayward
Distribution and Habitat
Distribution in Britain & Ireland	A southern species predominantly found on the south and southwest coasts of England and Wales but with records from Shetland, Orkney, the north east coast, Ireland, the west coast of Scotland and St. Kilda.
Global distribution	Recorded from Britain to the Mediterranean.
Biogeographic range	Not researched	Depth range	Lower shore to ca 21m.
Migratory	Non-migratory / Resident
Distribution Additional Information	Bugula turbinata has been reported on the lower shore to al least 21 m in Lundy (Hiscock, 1985b; Hayward & Ryland, 1998). Although found in a variety of wave exposed habitats, the microhabitat occupied by Bugula turbinata, under boulders, overhangs and crevices is probably protected from direct wave action. Although found in wave sheltered situations or weak tidal streams, some water flow is probably important to bring food and nutrient-laden water to the colonies and ensure an adequate supply of hard substrata. The abundance of bryozoans is positively correlated with supply of hard substrata and hence with current strength (Eggleston, 1972b; Ryland, 1976). Bugula spp. are characteristic fouling bryozoans, and may be found in the intake pipes of ships or power stations, and on ships hulls. The geographic distribution of Bugula species has been extended by transportation by shipping (Ryland, 1967). However, no information on transportation of Bugula turbinata was found.

Substratum preferences	Artificial (e.g. metal/wood/concrete) Bedrock Large to very large boulders Small boulders Overhangs Cobbles Crevices / fissures Caves	Physiographic preferences	Open coast Strait / sound Sealoch Ria / Voe Enclosed coast / Embayment
Biological zone	Lower Eulittoral Sublittoral Fringe Upper Infralittoral Lower Infralittoral	Wave exposure	Very Exposed Exposed Moderately Exposed Sheltered Very Sheltered
Tidal stream strength/Water flow	Strong (3-6 kn) Moderately Strong (1-3 kn) Weak (<1 kn)	Salinity	Full (30-40 psu)
Habitat Preferences Additional Information
Distribution References	Hayward & Ryland, 1998, Ryland, 1967, Ryland, 1970, Ryland, 1976, Wendt, 2000, JNCC, 1999, NBN, 2002, Eggleston, 1972b, Hiscock, 1985, Lewis, 1964, Hiscock & Mitchell, 1980, Hiscock, 1985 (b), Castric-Fey & Chassé, 1991, Castric-Fey, 1974,