BIOTIC Species Information for Golfingia spp.
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| Researched by | Sean Lindsley-Leake | Data supplied by | MarLIN | ||||||||||||
| Refereed by | This information is not refereed | ||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy | |||||||||||||||
| Scientific name | Golfingia spp. | Common name | A sipunculid | ||||||||||||
| MCS Code | N16 | Recent Synonyms | |||||||||||||
| Phylum | Sipuncula | Subphylum | |||||||||||||
| Superclass | Class | Sipunculidea | |||||||||||||
| Subclass | Order | Golfingiiformes | |||||||||||||
| Suborder | Family | Golfingiidae | |||||||||||||
| Genus | Golfingia | Species | |||||||||||||
| Subspecies | |||||||||||||||
| Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy References | Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, | ||||||||||||||
| General Biology | |||||||||||||||
| Growth form | Feeding method | ||||||||||||||
| Mobility/Movement | Burrower |
Environmental position | |||||||||||||
| Typical food types | Detritus | Habit | Free living | ||||||||||||
| Bioturbator | Flexibility | Low (10-45 degrees) | |||||||||||||
| Fragility | Intermediate | Size | Small-medium(3-10cm) | ||||||||||||
| Height | Growth Rate | ||||||||||||||
| Adult dispersal potential | Dependency | Independent | |||||||||||||
| Sociability | Solitary | ||||||||||||||
| Toxic/Poisonous? | No | ||||||||||||||
| General Biology Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Biology References | Gibbs, 1976, Gibbs, 1975, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution and Habitat | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution in Britain & Ireland | |||||||||||||||
| Global distribution | |||||||||||||||
| Biogeographic range | Depth range | ||||||||||||||
| Migratory | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Substratum preferences | Physiographic preferences | ||||||||||||||
| Biological zone | Wave exposure | ||||||||||||||
| Tidal stream strength/Water flow | Salinity | ||||||||||||||
| Habitat Preferences Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution References | |||||||||||||||
| Reproduction/Life History | |||||||||||||||
| Reproductive type | Permanent hermaphrodite Gonochoristic |
Developmental mechanism | Lecithotrophic Oviparous |
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| Reproductive Season | See additional information | Reproductive Location | Sediment surface | ||||||||||||
| Reproductive frequency | Annual episodic | Regeneration potential | Yes | ||||||||||||
| Life span | Insufficient information | Age at reproductive maturity | Insufficient information | ||||||||||||
| Generation time | Insufficient information | Fecundity | 120-200 | ||||||||||||
| Egg/propagule size | see additional information | Fertilization type | External | ||||||||||||
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| Reproduction Preferences Additional Information | Egg size is species dependant with a range from 125 µm -280 µm. In Plymouth area: G.elongata:160 µm, G.rimicola: 165 µm G.margaricea:200 µm G.minuta: 240-280 µm. Development also varies, lecithotrophic in some species, 2 pelagic stages-trochophore and lecithotrophic pelagosphera. There is also interspecific and regional variation in the reproductive season, G.elongata July-Aug, G.rimicola Oct-Nov, G.margariticea Oct-No. And Oct-Jan (US) Sept-Nov (Sweden) Nov-Jan (UK) in certain species. There is also variation in the type of reproduction, with the majority of species being gonochoristic but G.elongata being hermaphroditic. | ||||||||||||||
| Reproduction References | Rice, 1989, Gibbs, 1976, Gibbs, 1975, Cutler, 1994, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, | ||||||||||||||
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