BIOTIC Species Information for Acanthocardia echinata
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| Researched by | Lizzie Tyler | Data supplied by | University of Sheffield | ||||||||||||
| Refereed by | This information is not refereed. | ||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy | |||||||||||||||
| Scientific name | Acanthocardia echinata | Common name | Prickly cockle | ||||||||||||
| MCS Code | W1943 | Recent Synonyms | |||||||||||||
| Phylum | Mollusca | Subphylum | |||||||||||||
| Superclass | Class | Pelecypoda | |||||||||||||
| Subclass | Order | Veneroida | |||||||||||||
| Suborder | Family | Cardiidae | |||||||||||||
| Genus | Acanthocardia | Species | echinata | ||||||||||||
| Subspecies | |||||||||||||||
| Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy References | Schneider, 1992, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Howson & Picton, 1997, | ||||||||||||||
| General Biology | |||||||||||||||
| Growth form | Bivalved |
Feeding method | Passive suspension feeder Active suspension feeder |
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| Mobility/Movement | Burrower |
Environmental position | Infaunal |
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| Typical food types | Phytoplankton and suspended organic material | Habit | Free living | ||||||||||||
| Bioturbator | Not relevant | Flexibility | None (< 10 degrees) | ||||||||||||
| Fragility | Robust | Size | Small-medium(3-10cm) | ||||||||||||
| Height | Not researched | Growth Rate | Not Researched | ||||||||||||
| Adult dispersal potential | Not researched | Dependency | Independent | ||||||||||||
| Sociability | Solitary | ||||||||||||||
| Toxic/Poisonous? | No | ||||||||||||||
| General Biology Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Biology References | Kioerboe & Moehlenberg, 1981, Tebble, 1966, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Fish & Fish, 1996, Hayward & Ryland, 1990, Julie Bremner, unpub data, | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution and Habitat | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution in Britain & Ireland | Found on all British and Irish coasts. | ||||||||||||||
| Global distribution | Found in north-west Europe from Norway to the Shetlands and south to the Canary Isles and in the Meditteranean. | ||||||||||||||
| Biogeographic range | Temperate to warm temperate. | Depth range | |||||||||||||
| Migratory | Non-migratory / Resident | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Substratum preferences | Muddy gravel Mud Muddy sandy gravel Muddy gravelly sand |
Physiographic preferences | Open coast Offshore seabed Strait / sound Estuary Enclosed coast / Embayment |
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| Biological zone | Upper Infralittoral Lower Infralittoral Upper Circalittoral Lower Circalittoral Circalittoral Offshore |
Wave exposure | Field unresearched |
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| Tidal stream strength/Water flow | Field unresearched |
Salinity | Full (30-40 psu) |
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| Habitat Preferences Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution References | Tebble, 1966, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Hayward & Ryland, 1990, Julie Bremner, unpub data, | ||||||||||||||
| Reproduction/Life History | |||||||||||||||
| Reproductive type | Gonochoristic |
Developmental mechanism | Planktotrophic |
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| Reproductive Season | Not researched | Reproductive Location | Water column | ||||||||||||
| Reproductive frequency | Annual episodic | Regeneration potential | No | ||||||||||||
| Life span | 11-20 years | Age at reproductive maturity | |||||||||||||
| Generation time | Not researched | Fecundity | |||||||||||||
| Egg/propagule size | Fertilization type | External | |||||||||||||
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| Reproduction Preferences Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Reproduction References | Tebble, 1966, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Fish & Fish, 1996, Julie Bremner, unpub data, | ||||||||||||||
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