BIOTIC Species Information for Pollachius pollachius
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| Researched by | Morvan Barnes | Data supplied by | MarLIN | ||||||||||||
| Refereed by | This information is not refereed | ||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy | |||||||||||||||
| Scientific name | Pollachius pollachius | Common name | Pollack | ||||||||||||
| MCS Code | ZG135 | Recent Synonyms | |||||||||||||
| Phylum | Chordata | Subphylum | Vertebrata | ||||||||||||
| Superclass | Gnathostomata | Class | Osteichthyes | ||||||||||||
| Subclass | Teleostei | Order | Gadiformes | ||||||||||||
| Suborder | Family | Gadidae | |||||||||||||
| Genus | Pollachius | Species | pollachius | ||||||||||||
| Subspecies | |||||||||||||||
| Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy References | Howson & Picton, 1997, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Whitehead et al., 1986, | ||||||||||||||
| General Biology | |||||||||||||||
| Growth form | Pisciform |
Feeding method | Predator Scavenger |
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| Mobility/Movement | Swimmer |
Environmental position | Demersal |
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| Typical food types | Small fish as well as cephalopods and benthic crustaceans. | Habit | Free living | ||||||||||||
| Bioturbator | Not relevant | Flexibility | Low (10-45 degrees) | ||||||||||||
| Fragility | Intermediate | Size | Large(>50cm) | ||||||||||||
| Height | Not researched | Growth Rate | 0.3 kg / year | ||||||||||||
| Adult dispersal potential | >10km | Dependency | Independent | ||||||||||||
| Sociability | Solitary | ||||||||||||||
| Toxic/Poisonous? | No | ||||||||||||||
| General Biology Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Biology References | Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Whitehead et al., 1986, Wheeler, 1969, Cohen et al., 1990, Person-Le Ruyet et al., 2006, | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution and Habitat | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution in Britain & Ireland | Found off all British and Irish coasts. | ||||||||||||||
| Global distribution | Found in north-west Europe from Norway, Latvia and the Shetlands to northern Spain, in the Mediterranean off the coasts of Italy, and north-west Atlantic off the coasts of Canada. | ||||||||||||||
| Biogeographic range | Cold temperate to warm temperate. | Depth range | From 10 m to 200 m depth. | ||||||||||||
| Migratory | Seasonal (environment) | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Substratum preferences | Bedrock |
Physiographic preferences | Open coast Offshore seabed Enclosed coast / Embayment |
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| Biological zone | Sublittoral Fringe Upper Infralittoral Lower Infralittoral Upper Circalittoral Lower Circalittoral Circalittoral Offshore Bathybenthic (Bathyal) |
Wave exposure | |||||||||||||
| Tidal stream strength/Water flow | Salinity | Full (30-40 psu) |
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| Habitat Preferences Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution References | Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Whitehead et al., 1986, Wheeler, 1969, Cohen et al., 1990, | ||||||||||||||
| Reproduction/Life History | |||||||||||||||
| Reproductive type | Gonochoristic |
Developmental mechanism | Oviparous |
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| Reproductive Season | February to May | Reproductive Location | Water column | ||||||||||||
| Reproductive frequency | Annual episodic | Regeneration potential | No | ||||||||||||
| Life span | 11-20 years | Age at reproductive maturity | 3-5 years | ||||||||||||
| Generation time | Not researched | Fecundity | 3 million or more | ||||||||||||
| Egg/propagule size | 1.1 - 1.2 mm | Fertilization type | External | ||||||||||||
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| Reproduction Preferences Additional Information | |||||||||||||||
| Reproduction References | Munk & Nielsen, 2005, Cohen et al., 1990, Suquet et al., 2005, Person-Le Ruyet et al., 2006, | ||||||||||||||
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