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Information on the biology of species and the ecology of habitats found around the coasts and seas of the British Isles

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  1. Home
  2. Gallery
  3. Species gallery - Ochrophyta

Species Gallery (Ochrophyta)

The links below will open a large version of the image in an overlay

Exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock with Alaria esculenta, Isles of Scilly.

Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Alaria esculenta at the water's edge.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Alaria esculenta culture on long-line in Ard Bay, Connamara.

Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Alaria esculenta on sublittoral fringe rock.

Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Alaria esculenta zoospores.

Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Aquaculture of Alaria esculenta on ropes in Ireland.

Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Broad band of Alaria esculenta at Rockall.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Early sporophytes of Alaria esculenta growing on female filamentous gametophyte.

Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Male filamentous gametophyte.

Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Oogonium (egg) on female gametophyte.

Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Isolated growth of Ascophyllum nodosum on rock.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Ascophyllum nodosum with Fucus serratus.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Ascophyllum nodosum at high tide with Aurelia aurita, the moon jellyfish.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Ascophyllum nodosum at Noss Mayo, Devon.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Ascophyllum nodosum on the sea shore.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Ascophyllum nodosum with the epiphyte Polysiphonia lanosa.

Copyright: Peter Barfield

Ascophyllum nodosum with the red seaweed Polysiphonia lanosa.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

A close up view of Ascophyllum nodosum ecad mackaii.

Copyright: Sue Scott

A thick bed of Ascophyllum nodosum showing the flotation bladders.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Dark green Ascophyllum nodosum.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Free-living Ascophyllum nodosum mackaii plant amongst upper shore fucoids.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Light brown Ascophyllum nodosum on an intertidal rock.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Bifurcaria bifurcata on exposed shore at Portland Bill, Dorset.

Copyright: MarClim

Bifurcaria bifurcata at Ilfracombe.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bifurcaria bifurcata in rock pool.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bifurcaria bifurcata in shallow water.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Clump of Bifurcaria bifurcata.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata outlined against sea fingers.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata in soft sediment.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata with dead man's fingers in background.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Chorda filum.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Stand of Chorda filum in Babbacombe Bay, Devon.

Copyright: Paul Newland

Colpomenia peregrina

Copyright: Derek Mayes

Colpomenia peregrina amongst other intertidal seaweeds.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Colpomenia peregrina with Himanthalia elongata.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Lone Colpomenia peregrina sticking out of the water.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Two Colpomenia peregrina specimens in very shallow water.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Cystoseira tamariscifolia in rockpool.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Cystoseira tamariscifolia

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bright blue tips of Cystoseira tamariscifolia.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Bushy growth of Cystoseira tamariscifolia.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Dictyopteris polypodioides off the Island of Sark.

Copyright: Paul Newland

Fucus ceranoides.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Detail of frond of Fucus ceranoides.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fucus distichus on rocky shore.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fucus distichus

Copyright: Robert Beharie

Fucus distichus

Copyright: Robert Beharie

Fucus serratus patch on a rocky shore.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus serratus patch.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus serratus with Ascophyllum nodosum.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus serratus.

Copyright: Dr Gerald Boalch

Massive growth of Fucus serratus.

Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Serrated edges of Fucus serratus.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Stand of Fucus serratus at Bovisand.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Tips of Fucus serratus.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Detail of Fucus spiralis fronds.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fucus spiralis on rock.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bulbous sacs of Fucus spiralis.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Fucus spiralis.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Drooping Fucus spiralis on a rocky shore.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Macro image of Fucus spiralis frond and reproductive bodies.

Copyright: Becky Seeley

Small Fucus spiralis specimens hanging under a boulder.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus (on left) with Ascophyllum nodosum.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Fucus vesiculosus at low tide on a rock.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus at low tide.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus covering an intertidal rock.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus hanging over a large rock.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus with frost.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Dense Fucus vesiculosus.

Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Halidrys siliquosa in rock pool.

Copyright: Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS)

Halidrys siliquosa in a small rockpool.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Halidrys siliquosa poking through the water of a rockpool.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Halidrys siliquosa washed up on a Zostera bed.

Copyright: Dr Gerald Boalch

Halopteris filicina.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Stand of Himanthalia elongata at Outer Hope.

Copyright: Paul Newland

Himanthalia elongata at low water.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Himanthalia elongata buttons irregularly distributed on an intertidal rock.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Himanthalia elongata buttons.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Himanthalia elongata, with young reproductive fronds, in rockpool, Wembury.

Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Many dark green Himanthalia elongata buttons.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Stand of Himanthalia elongata.

Copyright: Paul Newland

Thongweed forest.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Two olive green Himanthalia elongata buttons.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Laminaria digitata (foreground) and Laminaria ochroleuca (background) at West Hoe, Plymouth.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata at low tide.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata attached to an exposed rock.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Laminaria digitata fronds at low water.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata, oarweed.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Close up of a holdfast of Laminaria digitata.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Close up view of the base of a lone Laminaria digitata individual.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Forest of Laminaria digitata.

Copyright: Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS)

Lone Laminaria digitata individual.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Underwater view of Laminaria digitata.

Copyright: Paul Newland

Vast Laminaria digitata patch at low tide.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Laminaria hyperborea.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria hyperborea forest.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria hyperborea from unpolluted site, with epiphytes, (D) and polluted site (E).

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria hyperborea showing epiphytic growth.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria ochroleuca.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata (foreground) and Laminaria ochroleuca (background) at West Hoe, Plymouth.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria ochroleuca holdfast.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Stand of Laminaria ochroleuca at low water.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Padina pavonica

Copyright: Michael Puleston

Peacock's tail Padina pavonica

Copyright: Michael Puleston

Peacock's tail Padina pavonica

Copyright: Michael Puleston

Peacock's tail Padina pavonica

Copyright: Michael Puleston

Pelvetia canaliculata at the water's edge.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Pelvetia canaliculata hanging from a vertical rock face.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Pelvetia canaliculata.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Clump of Pelvetia canaliculata.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Small Pelvetia canaliculata attached to an intertidal boulder.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Small Pelvetia canaliculata in a rock crevice.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Buoy line with Saccharina latissima.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Saccharina latissima exposed at low tide.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Saccharina latissima frond.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Base of blade and stipe of Saccorhiza polyschides.

Copyright: Sue Scott

Saccorhiza polyschides hold to the substrate.

Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Saccorhiza polyschides on the shore.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Saccorhiza polyschides underwater, viewed from above.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Saccorhiza polyschides - Photo 2.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Saccorhiza polyschides.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Sargassum muticum, North Devon.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Sargassum muticum as first discovered at Bembridge, Isle of Wight.

Copyright: Dr Gerald Boalch

Sargassum muticum at South Milton Sands.

Copyright: Paul Newland

Sargassum muticum in very shallow water.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Sargassum muticum on a rocky surface.

Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up of Sargassum muticum underwater showing air bladders.

Copyright: Jack Sewell

Wire weed on a rocky substrate.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Wire weed out of water showing 'washing line' appearance.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Undaria pinnatifida growing on pontoons at Queen Annes Battery, Plymouth Sound.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Undaria pinnatifida highlighting structure of fronds and holdfast.

Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Penny weed Zanardinia typus.

Copyright: Dr Ken Collins

Images: 135

Exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock with Alaria esculenta, Isles of Scilly.

Modal: Exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock with <i>Alaria esculenta</i>, Isles of Scilly.

Photographer: R. Mitchell, Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Alaria esculenta at the water's edge.

Modal: <i>Alaria esculenta</i> at the water's edge.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Alaria esculenta culture on long-line in Ard Bay, Connamara.

Modal: <i>Alaria esculenta</i> culture on long-line in Ard Bay, Connamara.

Photographer: Dr Stefan Kraan, Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Alaria esculenta on sublittoral fringe rock.

Modal: <i>Alaria esculenta</i> on sublittoral fringe rock.

Photographer: Dr Stefan Kraan, Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Alaria esculenta zoospores.

Modal: <i>Alaria esculenta</i> zoospores.

Photographer: Dr Stefan Kraan, Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Aquaculture of Alaria esculenta on ropes in Ireland.

Modal: Aquaculture of <i>Alaria esculenta</i> on ropes in Ireland.

Photographer: Dr Stefan Kraan, Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Broad band of Alaria esculenta at Rockall.

Modal: Broad band of <i>Alaria esculenta</i> at Rockall.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Early sporophytes of Alaria esculenta growing on female filamentous gametophyte.

Modal: Early sporophytes of <i>Alaria esculenta</i> growing on female filamentous gametophyte.

Photographer: Dr Stefan Kraan, Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Male filamentous gametophyte.

Modal: Male filamentous gametophyte.

Photographer: Dr Stefan Kraan, Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Oogonium (egg) on female gametophyte.

Modal: Oogonium (egg) on female gametophyte.

Photographer: Dr Stefan Kraan, Copyright: Dr Stefan Kraan

Isolated growth of Ascophyllum nodosum on rock.

Modal: Isolated growth of <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> on rock.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Ascophyllum nodosum with Fucus serratus.

Modal: <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>  with <i>Fucus serratus</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Ascophyllum nodosum at high tide with Aurelia aurita, the moon jellyfish.

Modal: <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> at high tide with <i>Aurelia aurita</i>, the moon jellyfish.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Ascophyllum nodosum at Noss Mayo, Devon.

Modal: <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> at Noss Mayo, Devon.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Ascophyllum nodosum on the sea shore.

Modal: <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> on the sea shore.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Ascophyllum nodosum with the epiphyte Polysiphonia lanosa.

Modal: <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> with the epiphyte <i>Polysiphonia lanosa</i>.

Photographer: Peter Barfield, Copyright: Peter Barfield

Ascophyllum nodosum with the red seaweed Polysiphonia lanosa.

Modal: <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> with the red seaweed <i>Polysiphonia lanosa</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

A close up view of Ascophyllum nodosum ecad mackaii.

Modal: A close up view of <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> ecad <i>mackaii</i>.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

A thick bed of Ascophyllum nodosum showing the flotation bladders.

Modal: A thick bed of <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> showing the flotation bladders.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Dark green Ascophyllum nodosum.

Modal: Dark green <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Free-living Ascophyllum nodosum mackaii plant amongst upper shore fucoids.

Modal: Free-living <i>Ascophyllum nodosum mackaii</i> plant amongst upper shore fucoids.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Light brown Ascophyllum nodosum on an intertidal rock.

Modal: Light brown <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> on an intertidal rock.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Bifurcaria bifurcata on exposed shore at Portland Bill, Dorset.

Modal: <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> on exposed shore at Portland Bill, Dorset.

Photographer: Nova Mieszkowska, Copyright: MarClim

Bifurcaria bifurcata at Ilfracombe.

Modal: <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> at Ilfracombe.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bifurcaria bifurcata in rock pool.

Modal: <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> in rock pool.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bifurcaria bifurcata in shallow water.

Modal: <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> in shallow water.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Clump of Bifurcaria bifurcata.

Modal: Clump of <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata outlined against sea fingers.

Modal: <i>Carpomitra costata</i> outlined against sea fingers.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata in soft sediment.

Modal: <i>Carpomitra costata</i> in soft sediment.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata with dead man's fingers in background.

Modal: <i>Carpomitra costata</i> with dead man's fingers in background.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata.

Modal: <i>Carpomitra costata</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata.

Modal: <i>Carpomitra costata</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Carpomitra costata.

Modal: <i>Carpomitra costata</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Chorda filum.

Modal: <i>Chorda filum</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Stand of Chorda filum in Babbacombe Bay, Devon.

Modal: Stand of <i>Chorda filum</i> in Babbacombe Bay, Devon.

Photographer: Paul Newland, Copyright: Paul Newland

Colpomenia peregrina

Modal: <i>Colpomenia peregrina</i>

Photographer: Derek Mayes, Copyright: Derek Mayes

Colpomenia peregrina amongst other intertidal seaweeds.

Modal: <i>Colpomenia peregrina</i> amongst other intertidal seaweeds.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Colpomenia peregrina with Himanthalia elongata.

Modal: <i>Colpomenia peregrina</i> with <i>Himanthalia elongata</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Lone Colpomenia peregrina sticking out of the water.

Modal: Lone <i>Colpomenia peregrina</i> sticking out of the water.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Two Colpomenia peregrina specimens in very shallow water.

Modal: Two <i>Colpomenia peregrina</i> specimens in very shallow water.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Cystoseira tamariscifolia in rockpool.

Modal: <i>Cystoseira tamariscifolia</i> in rockpool.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Cystoseira tamariscifolia

Modal: <i>Cystoseira tamariscifolia</i>

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bright blue tips of Cystoseira tamariscifolia.

Modal: Bright blue tips of <i>Cystoseira tamariscifolia</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Bushy growth of Cystoseira tamariscifolia.

Modal: Bushy growth of <i>Cystoseira tamariscifolia</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Dictyopteris polypodioides off the Island of Sark.

Modal: <i>Dictyopteris polypodioides</i> off the Island of Sark.

Photographer: Paul Newland, Copyright: Paul Newland

Fucus ceranoides.

Modal: <i>Fucus ceranoides</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Detail of frond of Fucus ceranoides.

Modal: Detail of frond of <i>Fucus ceranoides</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fucus distichus on rocky shore.

Modal: <i>Fucus distichus</i> on rocky shore.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fucus distichus

Modal: <i>Fucus distichus</i>

Photographer: Robert Beharie, Copyright: Robert Beharie

Fucus distichus

Modal: <i>Fucus distichus</i>

Photographer: Robert Beharie, Copyright: Robert Beharie

Fucus serratus patch on a rocky shore.

Modal: <i>Fucus serratus</i> patch on a rocky shore.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus serratus patch.

Modal: <i>Fucus serratus</i> patch.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus serratus with Ascophyllum nodosum.

Modal: <i>Fucus serratus</i> with <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus serratus.

Modal: <i>Fucus serratus</i>.

Photographer: Dr Gerald Boalch, Copyright: Dr Gerald Boalch

Massive growth of Fucus serratus.

Modal: Massive growth of <i>Fucus serratus</i>.

Photographer: Kate Northen, Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Serrated edges of Fucus serratus.

Modal: Serrated edges of <i>Fucus serratus</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Stand of Fucus serratus at Bovisand.

Modal: Stand of <i>Fucus serratus</i> at Bovisand.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Tips of Fucus serratus.

Modal: Tips of <i>Fucus serratus</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Detail of Fucus spiralis fronds.

Modal: Detail of <i>Fucus spiralis</i> fronds.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fucus spiralis on rock.

Modal: <i>Fucus spiralis</i> on rock.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bulbous sacs of Fucus spiralis.

Modal: Bulbous sacs of <i>Fucus spiralis</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Fucus spiralis.

Modal: Close up view of <i>Fucus spiralis</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Drooping Fucus spiralis on a rocky shore.

Modal: Drooping <i>Fucus spiralis</i> on a rocky shore.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Macro image of Fucus spiralis frond and reproductive bodies.

Modal: Macro image of <i>Fucus spiralis</i> frond and reproductive bodies.

Photographer: Becky Seeley, Copyright: Becky Seeley

Small Fucus spiralis specimens hanging under a boulder.

Modal: Small <i>Fucus spiralis</i> specimens hanging under a boulder.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus (on left) with Ascophyllum nodosum.

Modal: <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> (on left) with <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Fucus vesiculosus at low tide on a rock.

Modal: <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> at low tide on a rock.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus at low tide.

Modal: <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> at low tide.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus covering an intertidal rock.

Modal: <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> covering an intertidal rock.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus hanging over a large rock.

Modal: <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> hanging over a large rock.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fucus vesiculosus with frost.

Modal: <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> with frost.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Dense Fucus vesiculosus.

Modal: Dense <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i>.

Photographer: Judy Foster-Smith, Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Halidrys siliquosa in rock pool.

Modal: <i>Halidrys siliquosa</i> in rock pool.

Photographer: Steve Knight, Copyright: Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS)

Halidrys siliquosa in a small rockpool.

Modal: <i>Halidrys siliquosa</i> in a small rockpool.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Halidrys siliquosa poking through the water of a rockpool.

Modal: <i>Halidrys siliquosa</i> poking through the water of a rockpool.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Halidrys siliquosa washed up on a Zostera bed.

Modal: <i>Halidrys siliquosa</i> washed up on a <i>Zostera</i> bed.

Photographer: Dr Gerald Boalch, Copyright: Dr Gerald Boalch

Halopteris filicina.

Modal: <i>Halopteris filicina</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Stand of Himanthalia elongata at Outer Hope.

Modal: Stand of <i>Himanthalia elongata</i> at Outer Hope.

Photographer: Paul Newland, Copyright: Paul Newland

Himanthalia elongata at low water.

Modal: <i>Himanthalia elongata</i> at low water.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Himanthalia elongata buttons irregularly distributed on an intertidal rock.

Modal: <i>Himanthalia elongata</i> buttons irregularly distributed on an intertidal rock.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Himanthalia elongata buttons.

Modal: <i>Himanthalia elongata</i> buttons.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Himanthalia elongata, with young reproductive fronds, in rockpool, Wembury.

Modal: <i>Himanthalia elongata</i>, with young reproductive fronds, in rockpool, Wembury.

Photographer: Francisco Arenas, Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Many dark green Himanthalia elongata buttons.

Modal: Many dark green <i>Himanthalia elongata</i> buttons.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Stand of Himanthalia elongata.

Modal: Stand of <i>Himanthalia elongata</i>.

Photographer: Paul Newland, Copyright: Paul Newland

Thongweed forest.

Modal: Thongweed forest.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Two olive green Himanthalia elongata buttons.

Modal: Two olive green <i>Himanthalia elongata</i> buttons.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Laminaria digitata (foreground) and Laminaria ochroleuca (background) at West Hoe, Plymouth.

Modal: <i>Laminaria digitata</i> (foreground) and <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i> (background) at West Hoe, Plymouth.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata at low tide.

Modal: <i>Laminaria digitata</i> at low tide.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata attached to an exposed rock.

Modal: <i>Laminaria digitata</i> attached to an exposed rock.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Laminaria digitata fronds at low water.

Modal: <i>Laminaria digitata</i> fronds at low water.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata, oarweed.

Modal: <i>Laminaria digitata</i>, oarweed.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Close up of a holdfast of Laminaria digitata.

Modal: Close up of a holdfast of <i>Laminaria digitata</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Close up view of the base of a lone Laminaria digitata individual.

Modal: Close up view of the base of a lone <i>Laminaria digitata</i> individual.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Forest of Laminaria digitata.

Modal: Forest of <i>Laminaria digitata</i>.

Photographer: Steve Knight, Copyright: Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS)

Lone Laminaria digitata individual.

Modal: Lone <i>Laminaria digitata</i> individual.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Underwater view of Laminaria digitata.

Modal: Underwater view of <i>Laminaria digitata</i>.

Photographer: Paul Newland, Copyright: Paul Newland

Vast Laminaria digitata patch at low tide.

Modal: Vast <i>Laminaria digitata</i> patch at low tide.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Laminaria hyperborea.

Modal: <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria hyperborea forest.

Modal: <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> forest.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria hyperborea from unpolluted site, with epiphytes, (D) and polluted site (E).

Modal: <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> from unpolluted site, with epiphytes, (D) and polluted site (E).

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria hyperborea showing epiphytic growth.

Modal: <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> showing epiphytic growth.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria ochroleuca.

Modal: <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria digitata (foreground) and Laminaria ochroleuca (background) at West Hoe, Plymouth.

Modal: <i>Laminaria digitata</i> (foreground) and <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i> (background) at West Hoe, Plymouth.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Laminaria ochroleuca holdfast.

Modal: <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i> holdfast.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Stand of Laminaria ochroleuca at low water.

Modal: Stand of <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i> at low water.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Padina pavonica

Modal: <em>Padina pavonica</em>

Photographer: Michael Puleston, Copyright: Michael Puleston

Peacock's tail Padina pavonica

Modal: Peacock's tail <em>Padina pavonica</em>

Photographer: Michael Puleston, Copyright: Michael Puleston

Peacock's tail Padina pavonica

Modal: Peacock's tail <em>Padina pavonica</em>

Photographer: Michael Puleston, Copyright: Michael Puleston

Peacock's tail Padina pavonica

Modal: Peacock's tail <em>Padina pavonica</em>

Photographer: Michael Puleston, Copyright: Michael Puleston

Pelvetia canaliculata at the water's edge.

Modal: <i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i> at the water's edge.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Pelvetia canaliculata hanging from a vertical rock face.

Modal: <i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i> hanging from a vertical rock face.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Pelvetia canaliculata.

Modal: <i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i>.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Clump of Pelvetia canaliculata.

Modal: Clump of <i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i>.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Small Pelvetia canaliculata attached to an intertidal boulder.

Modal: Small <i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i> attached to an intertidal boulder.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Small Pelvetia canaliculata in a rock crevice.

Modal: Small <i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i> in a rock crevice.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Buoy line with Saccharina latissima.

Modal: Buoy line with <i>Saccharina latissima</i>.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Saccharina latissima exposed at low tide.

Modal: <i>Saccharina latissima</i> exposed at low tide.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Saccharina latissima frond.

Modal: <i>Saccharina latissima</i> frond.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Base of blade and stipe of Saccorhiza polyschides.

Modal: Base of blade and stipe of <i>Saccorhiza polyschides</i>.

Photographer: Sue Scott, Copyright: Sue Scott

Saccorhiza polyschides hold to the substrate.

Modal: <i>Saccorhiza polyschides</i> hold to the substrate.

Photographer: Fiona Crouch, Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Saccorhiza polyschides on the shore.

Modal: <i>Saccorhiza polyschides</i> on the shore.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Saccorhiza polyschides underwater, viewed from above.

Modal: <i>Saccorhiza polyschides</i> underwater, viewed from above.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Saccorhiza polyschides - Photo 2.

Modal: Close up view of <i>Saccorhiza polyschides</i> - Photo 2.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Saccorhiza polyschides.

Modal: Close up view of <i>Saccorhiza polyschides</i>.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Sargassum muticum, North Devon.

Modal: <i>Sargassum muticum</i>, North Devon.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Sargassum muticum as first discovered at Bembridge, Isle of Wight.

Modal: <i>Sargassum muticum</i> as first discovered at Bembridge, Isle of Wight.

Photographer: Dr Gerald Boalch, Copyright: Dr Gerald Boalch

Sargassum muticum at South Milton Sands.

Modal: <i>Sargassum muticum</i> at South Milton Sands.

Photographer: Paul Newland, Copyright: Paul Newland

Sargassum muticum in very shallow water.

Modal: <i>Sargassum muticum</i> in very shallow water.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Sargassum muticum on a rocky surface.

Modal: <i>Sargassum muticum</i> on a rocky surface.

Photographer: Judith Oakley, Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up of Sargassum muticum underwater showing air bladders.

Modal: Close up of <I>Sargassum muticum</I> underwater showing air bladders.

Photographer: Jack Sewell, Copyright: Jack Sewell

Wire weed on a rocky substrate.

Modal: Wire weed on a rocky substrate.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Wire weed out of water showing 'washing line' appearance.

Modal: Wire weed out of water showing 'washing line' appearance.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Undaria pinnatifida growing on pontoons at Queen Annes Battery, Plymouth Sound.

Modal: <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> growing on pontoons at Queen Annes Battery, Plymouth Sound.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Undaria pinnatifida highlighting structure of fronds and holdfast.

Modal: <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> highlighting structure of fronds and holdfast.

Photographer: Dr Keith Hiscock, Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Penny weed Zanardinia typus.

Modal: Penny weed <i>Zanardinia typus</i>.

Photographer: Ken Collins, Copyright: Dr Ken Collins

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